Industry in India
Historical development
Under British rule India supplied raw materials such as raw cotton and raw jute for the British factories. The first new industries in India were jute mills in 1834 and cotton mills in 1851. The textile industry grew very quickly. Now coal resources were developed and railways were built. The first iron was made in 1911. The new Indian parliament started a series of five years plans providing to build new companies.
Textile industry
The textile industry is 14% of India's industrial output. India has one of the cheapest labour costs in the world. 28% of the country's worker work in the textile industry. In the last 5 years the textile industry had a plus of 10,6%. 2002-03 the export stands at about $10 billion. In 2010 the export is expected about $50 billion.
Oil industry
India has a population of more than 1 billion, it is one of the world's largest consumers of energy. Dehradun is the Oil Capital of India. India has a lot of oil. The oil was discovered in 1889 in Assam. In the year 1950 India promote 200.000 tonns and in 1960 about 400.000 tonns. 15 years later the production rose up to 8 million tonns. In 1989 the promotion of the oil rose up to 34 million tonns. In the 90s a few areas were locked and the production fall on 27 million tonns per year.
Iron and steel industry
India produces about 24 million tonns and has a profit of about Rs 1,000 billion. The first steel plant was set up by Iron Work Company in Kulti in 1870. India is the fourth largest exporter of iron ore. They export about 30 million tonns per year. India is the tenth largest producer of the world, they produce about 3,4 millionn tonns in a year!
Computer industry
India is one of the leading software manufacturers in the world. It's an ideal export article. They had invested a lot of money in its high-tech-industries. They set up shops like IBM, Intel; Microsoft and Siemens. But young Indian computer experts are paid ten times less than their counterparts in the other countries. The engineers are also willing to work for little money. About 15,000 computer specialists graduate from Indian universities every year. They all speak English very well. In India there are about 550 software companies and 34,000 software engineers who develop new computer programmes. German companies have their software serviced by software engineers in India, because of the lower labour costs.
